E-WASTE- A NATIONAL HEALTH & ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER FOR INDIA
Keywords:
E-waste, Health, Environmental, Disaster, IndiaAbstract
Quick changes in technology, shorter life period and increased dependence on the electronic products is resultingin considerable increase in e-waste generation. E-waste is more dangerous than any other kind of solid waste. It is very important to know all about the e-waste before declaring it as health and environmental disaster. E-waste is the term used for old, end of life and discarded electronics appliances which are currently not in use. E-waste has both hazardous and valuable materials. Hazardous materials are lead, mercury, cadmium etc. On the other side, valuable materials are gold, silver, aluminium, plastics etc. The quantity of the valuable materials is very less as compared to the hazardous materials. In India, due to lack of formal reverse supply chain or formal collection channels, the e-waste is not managed properly. In this paper, various stakeholders are identified which play a vital role in making e-waste a health and environmental disaster. To understand the importance of each stakeholder in e-waste management, role of each stakeholder is explained in detail. Also various effects of e-waste composition on human health are also explained in this paper.Root cause of this disaster is the low level of awareness about the hazardous effects of e-waste. As the level of awareness in India is very low, people have no idea about how to handle their discarded electronic items.
References
Assocham (2017). About Assocham. [Online]. 2017. Assocham. Available from: http://www.assocham.org/
Borthakur, A. & Sinha, K. (2013). Electronic Waste Management in India: A Stakeholder’s Perspective. Electronic Green Journal. [Online]. 1 (36). Available from: https://escholarship.org/content/qt1cq3j0b0/qt1cq3j0b0.pdf
Borthakur, A. (2014). Generation and Management of Electronic Waste in the City of Pune, India. Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society. [Online]. 34 (1–2). pp. 43–52. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0270467614541242
Chatterjee, S. & Kumar, K. (2009). Effective electronic waste management and recycling process involving formal and nonformal sectors. International Journal of Physical Sciences. [Online]. 4. pp. 893–905. Available from: http://scihub.bz/https://doi.org/10.1177/0270467614541242
Dey, S. & Jana, T. (2014). E – waste Recycling Technology Patents filed in India - An Analysis. Journal of Intellectual Property Rights. [Online]. 19. pp. 315–324. Available from: http://docs.manupatra.in/newsline/articles/Upload/521E50FE-05CB-4347-BA6B 80636AA574DB.pdf
Dwivedy, M. (2013). Modelling and Assessment of e-waste Management Issues in India: Generation, Flows and Extended Producer Responsibilty. [Online]. Birla Institute of Technology and Science. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/25558/1/ph.d.thesis%5B2006phxf013p%5D.pdf
Economic Times (2015). 76% of e-waste workers suffer from respiratory ailments: Study. [Online]. 2015. Economic Times. Available from: http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0116/ijsrp-p4964.pdf
Greenpeace (2008). Take back blues: An assessment of e-waste take back in India. [Online]. 2008. Greenpeace. Available from:
http://scihub.bz/https://doi.org/10.1177/0270467614541242
Hai, H.T., Hung, H.V. & Quang, N.D. (2017). An overview of electronic waste recycling in Vietnam. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management. 19 (1). pp. 536–544. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10163-015-0448-x
IRG Systems South Asia (2010). IRG-SSA. [Online]. 2010. IRG Systems South Asia. Available from: http://www.irgssa.com/
It’s underbelly, Down to Earth, Vol. 19 2010 Available from : https://www.downtoearth.org.in/coverage/its-underbelly-318
Kulkarni, S.J. (2017). E-Waste Recovery, Reuse, Recycle, Management and Treatment An Insight. International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology. [Online]. 1 (2). pp. 25–28. Available from: http://ijsrcseit.com/paper/CSEIT172119.pdf
Khan, M. (2017). Environment and Health Issues Associated With E-Waste. International Journal of Advanced Research. [Online]. 5 (1). pp. 1425–1430. Available from: http://www.journalijar.com/article/13606/environment-and-health-issues-associated-with-e-waste/
Manda, B.M.K. (2008). E-waste management policy in India: Stakeholder’s perception and media attention. [Online]. Lund, Sweden. Available from: http://sci-hub.bz/https://doi.org/10.1177/0270467614541242
Pathak, P., Srivastava, R.R. & Ojasvi (2017). Assessment of legislation and practices for the sustainable management of waste electrical and electronic equipment in India. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. [Online]. 78. pp. 220–232. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364032117305725
Rajya Sabha Secretariat (2011). E-Waste in India. [Online]. 2011. NIC. Available from: http://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/publication_electronic/E-Waste_in_india.pdf
Ramachandra, T. V & Varghese, S.K. (2004). Environmentally sound options for e-wastes management. Journal of Human Settlement. [Online]. Available from: http://sci-hub.bz/https://doi.org/10.1177/0270467614541242
Sinha S (2008). “Dark shadows of digitization on Indian horizon”, In: Johri R. (ed.), E-waste: Implications, regulations, and management in India. New Delhi: The Energy and Resource Institute pp. 23-44
Skinner, A., Dinter, Y., Lloyd, A. & Strothmann, P. (2010). The challenges of e-waste management in India: Can India draw lessons from the EU and the USA? ASIEN. [Online]. pp. 7–26. Available from: http://asien.asienforschung.de/wpcontent/uploads/sites/6/2014/04/ASIEN_117_Skinner-Dinter-Llyod-Strothmann.pdf
Toxics Link (2004). E-waste in India: System failure imminent: Take action NOW. [Online]. 2004. Toxics Link. Available from: http://sci-hub.bz/https://doi.org/10.1177/0270467614541242
United States Department of Labor (2017). Occupational Safety and Health Administration. [Online]. 2017. United States Department of Labor. Available from: https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/beryllium/healtheffects.html
Zeng, X., Duan, H., Wang, F. & Li, J. (2017). Examining environmental management of e-waste: China’s experience and lessons. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. [Online]. 72. pp. 1076–1082. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364032116306645
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 International Educational Journal of Science and Engineering
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
