COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN DIFFERENT SOLAR RADIATION SHIELDING MATERIALS

Authors

  • Aditya Ghanekar Research Scholars Program, Harvard Student Agencies, In collaboration with Learn with Leaders

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15913143

Keywords:

CMEs, Shielding, Radiation Hardening, Redundancy, Carbon Nanotubes, Lithium Hydride, Polyethylene, Kevlar

Abstract

This paper explores different methods to protect satellites from outer space radiation, primarily Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). It discusses what CMEs are and how they damage satellites. It also briefly discusses different ways to deal with such kinds of SPE, like Active Shielding, Passive Shielding, Radiation Hardening, and Redundancy. The research focuses on passive shielding and compares various materials, taking into account factors such as cost, shielding capability, and effectiveness.

References

I. Dobrijevic, D. (2022, June 24). Coronal mass ejections: What are they and how do they form? Space.com. https://www.space.com/coronal-mass-ejections-cme

II. Moldwin, & Mark. (2025, March 14). Coronal mass ejection (CME) | Definition & Effects. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/coronal-mass-ejection

III. Coronal mass ejections | NOAA / NWS Space Weather Prediction Center. (n.d.). https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/phenomena/coronal-mass-ejections

IV. Omatola, & Okeme. (2012). Impacts of solar storms on energy and communications technologies. Archives of Applied Science Research, 4(4), 1825–1832. https://www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com/articles/impacts-of-solar-storms-on-energy-and-communications-technologies.pdf

V. Mayaka, Emmanuel E. (2023, July). Solar Storms and Their Effect on Man-made Satellites. University of Nairobi, I56/37253/2020. University of Nairobi Digital Repository. http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/164421

VI. Simonsen, L. C., Nealy, J. E., Sauer, H. H., & Townsend, L. W. (1991). Solar flare protection for manned lunar missions: Analysis of the October 1989 proton flare event. SAE Technical Papers on CD-ROM/SAE Technical Paper Series. https://doi.org/10.4271/911351

VII. K., & Shirvram, B. (2008). Protection of Communication Systems from Solar Flares. 22nd Annual AIAA/USUConference on Small Satellites. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1419&context=smallsat

VIII. Varga, L., & Horvath, E. (2003). Evaluation of electronics shielding in micro-satellites. Defence R&D Canada-Ottawa. https://cradpdf.drdc-rddc.gc.ca/PDFS/unc06/p519025.pdf

IX. Thibeault, S. A., Kang, J. H., Sauti, G., Park, C., Fay, C. C., & King, G. C. (2015). Nanomaterials for radiation shielding. MRS Bulletin, 40(10), 836–841. doi:10.1557/mrs.2015.225

X. French, F. W. (1970). Solar flare radiation protection requirements for passive and active shields. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 7(7), 794–800. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.30043

XI. Cocks, F. H., & Watkins, S. (1993). Magnetic shielding of interplanetary spacecraft against solar flare radiation. NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS). https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19940019861

XII. Heyman, K. (2024, September 17). SRAM scaling issues, and what comes next. Semiconductor Engineering. https://semiengineering.com/sram-scaling-issues-and-what-comes-next/

XIII. Fettes, J. (2024b, August 15). Radiation Protection for Space - Space Technology Future Science Platform. Space Technology Future Science Platform. https://research.csiro.au/space/radiation-protection-for-space/

XIV. Chang, E. (2025, February 4). Redundancy and reliability in satellite systems. TelecomWorld101.com. Available at: https://telecomworld101.com/redundancy-satellite-systems/

XV. Lisk, R. (2003). NASA preferred reliability-practices for design and test. NASA, 7–11. https://doi.org/10.1109/arms.1992.187793

XVI. Singleterry, R. C., Blattnig, S. R., Clowdsley, M. S., Qualls, G. D., Sandridge, C. A., Simonsen, L. C., Slaba, T. C., Walker, S. A., Badavi, F. F., Spangler, J. L., Aumann, A. R., Zapp, E. N., Rutledge, R. D., Lee, K. T., Norman, R. B., & Norbury, J. W. (2010). OLTARIS: On-line tool for the assessment of radiation in space. Acta Astronautica, 68(7–8), 1086–1097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.09.022

XVII. CSIS Aerospace Security Project (2022) – with minor processing by Our World in Data. “Cost of space launches to low Earth orbit” [dataset]. CSIS Aerospace Security Project, “Cost of space launches” [original data]. Retrieved April 9, 2025, from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/cost-space-launches-low-earth-orbit

XVIII. Adlienė, D., Gilys, L., & Griškonis, E. (2020). Development and characterization of new tungsten and tantalum containing composites for radiation shielding in medicine. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B Beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms, 467, 21–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2020.01.027

XIX. Rojdev, K., Atwell, W., Wilkins, R., Gersey, B., & Badavi, F. F. (2009). Evaluation of Multi-Functional materials for deep space radiation shielding. National Space & Missile Materials Symposium.

Additional Files

Published

01-06-2025

How to Cite

Aditya Ghanekar. (2025). COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN DIFFERENT SOLAR RADIATION SHIELDING MATERIALS . International Educational Journal of Science and Engineering, 8(6). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15913143